過去將來時的基礎知識

一般過去將來時表示從過去的某一時間來看將來要發生的動作或呈現的狀態。過去將來時常用于賓語從句和間接引語中。 一般過去將來時的出發點是過去，即從過去某一時刻看以后要發生的動作或狀態。

一般過去將來時的構成

一般過去將來時是由“should/would + 動詞原形”構成的。

He asked me yesterday when I should leave for Paris.

昨天他問我什么時候動身去巴黎。

They wanted to know how they would finish the homework earlier.

他們想知道怎樣才能早一點兒完成家庭作業。

過去將來時的用法

一般過去將來時間的出發點是過去，即從過去某一時刻看以后要發生的動作和狀態。

a. 一般過去將來時常用于間接引語中

He said they would arrange a party.

他說他們將安排一個晚會。

I asked if he would come and fix my TV set.

我問他是否來幫我修電視機。

b. 一般過去將來時可用來表示非真實的動作或狀態

If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at Cambridge University.

如果我有機會出國學習的話，我就會去劍橋大學。

I wish he would go with me to the cinema tonight.

今晚他能和我一起去看電影就好了。

過去將來時間其他表達法

a. was/were going to +動詞原形

He said that he was going to live in the country when he retired.

他說他退休后要住在農村。

They thought it was going to rain.

他們認為天要下雨了。

b. was/were +動詞的-ing形式

Nobody knew whether the guests were coming.

沒人知道客人們是否要來。

I was told that the train was leaving in a few minutes.

我被告知火車幾分鐘后就要開了。

c. was/were +動詞不定式

She said she was to clean the classroom after school.

她說她放學后要打掃教室。

It was reported that another bridge was to be built across the Yangtse River.

據報道長江上將要再建一座大橋。

提示：

“was/were going to +動詞原形”或“was/were + 動詞不定式完成式”可表示未能實現的過去將來時間的動作。

Last Sunday we were going to visit the Great Wall, but it rained.

上星期天我們本想去游覽長城的，但卻下雨了。(沒有去成)

I was to have helped with the performance, but I got flu the day before.

我是打算幫忙演出的，但前天我感冒了。(沒有幫上忙)

d. was/were about to do

“was/were about to do”表示說話的瞬間就會發生的動作。

I felt something terrible was about to happen.

我覺得有可怕的事要發生了。

e. was/were on the point of doing

I'm glad you have come. I was on the point of calling you, but you've saved me the trouble now. 很高興你來了。我正準備給你打電話，現在你省去我這個麻煩了。

提示：

“be about to do”和“be on the point of doing”結構一般不與表示將來的時間狀語連用，但后面可以接when引導的分句。

I was about to start when it suddenly began to rain.

我正要動身天突然下雨了。

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